Review of the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Technologies: Applications, challenges, and Future Directions

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 electrical department, faculty of engineering, sues canal university, Ismailia, Egypt.

2 Department of electronic and communication faculty of engineering Helwan university

3 department of electrical engineering, Suez canal university

4 Electrical Engineering Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Abstract

This survey synthesizes state of the art advancements of Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in 5G and B5G technologies, NOMA has emerged as a highly promising approach for increasing user capacity, enhancing spectral efficiency, and promoting user fairness in wireless networks. The former can achieve high spectral efficiency by modulating the information in power domain and the latter can provide extremely large spectrum resources. By enabling a multitude of users to share the same set of wireless resource, NOMA provides a significant departure from traditional access methods. Its flexibility allows seamless integration with various traditional and innovative wireless technologies, such as millimeter-wave communications (mmwave), massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO), heterogeneous networks, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). Integrating NOMA with these innovations can significantly improve energy efficiency, spectral efficiency, scalability, and the sustainability of future communication networks. This review paper presents a detailed review of the interaction between NOMA and these technologies, highlighting the mutual benefits of their integration. Additionally, it identifies key challenges and outlines potential future research directions to further develop and optimize NOMA-enabled systems.

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